Insights

London – October 4, 2023: Crowell & Moring U.K. LLP has been recommended in four practice areas in the Legal 500 United Kingdom 2024. In addition, partner Andrew Knight has been named as a leading individual for asset based lending. The firm’s full rankings can be viewed here.

In the ever-evolving landscape of English law credit agreements in the European leveraged loan market, the dynamics of lending have undergone significant transformations in the last few years. One issue that has gained prominence is the increase in limits on the ability of lenders to transfer their loans and the associated restrictions imposed on potential new lenders. European syndicated loan agreements have historically included a standardised and expected set of transfer restrictions applicable to prospective lenders, reflective of the market guidance and templates issued by the Loan Market Association (“LMA”). Certainty of terms and the capability of an existing lender to sell out of a loan position have been the hallmark (and expectation) of the LMA loan market. However, trends in the drafting of credit agreements have contained a concerning increase in limitations on loan liquidity. As a result, many lenders are finding it difficult to sell their distressed loans. This article explores these trends, as well as their implications on the secondary loan trading market.

On 29 June 2023, the long-awaited Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 (the “Act”) received Royal Assent, clearing the Act’s final hurdle prior to its implementation. The Act is the framework for the UK’s post-Brexit financial legislative and regulatory landscape.  Focusing on the promotion of competition, innovation and investor protections, it hopes to ensure the UK’s continued leadership in the global economy by providing “a smarter financial services framework”. While the Act is 349 pages in length, we have set out some of the key themes and regulations currently making headlines.

There are few things as daunting to a vendor or supplier as its counterparty’s bankruptcy. The likelihood of a significantly discounted recovery for goods and services provided and potential loss of a customer may have long-lasted impacts on profitability.  Even worse, however, is the prospect that payments received in good faith prior to a debtor’s bankruptcy filing may be at risk of recoupment. In this alert, we address the risk that such payments are voidable as preferential transfers. Section 547 of the Bankruptcy Code codifies the power of the debtor to recover payments that were made within the 90 days preceding the filing. Very generally, a debtor (or trustee) may recover any transfer that is (i) made to or for the benefit of a creditor (e.g., a payment or grant of lien), (ii) on account of antecedent debt (i.e., a debt already incurred), (iii) made while the debtor was insolvent, (iv) within the 90 days prior to the petition date (or one year for insiders), and (v) that enables the creditor to receive more that it would have in a liquidation. The parties’ respective intent is irrelevant.